Many techniques for the surgical treatment of gynaecomastia have been reported to be effective with reasonable limited scar formation.
The aim of this study was to develop a grade adopted algorithm for effective and scar sparing techniques in reconstruction of the male breast dependent on aetiology and grading.
Operative techniques, results, rates of revisions and complications were recorded between 2006 and 2018 and results of 164 male patients were analysed, retrospectively.
Skin resecting methods have been used in the earlier stage but were later replaced by minimal periareolar incisions and subcutaneous mastectomy.
Resections were combined with ultrasound-assisted liposuction up to grade 2b and inferior pedicled breast reduction in 3rd degree gynaecomastias resulting in reduction of scars and effective removal of breast tissue.